👉 mRNA engineering involves the precise design and modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules to optimize their function for therapeutic, diagnostic, or research applications. This process includes tailoring the mRNA sequence to enhance stability, improve translation efficiency, reduce immunogenicity, and target specific cell types or tissues. Techniques such as codon optimization, incorporation of modified nucleotides (e.g., pseudouridine), and the use of untranslated regions (UTRs) can significantly boost mRNA performance. Additionally, chemical conjugation and nanoparticle delivery systems are employed to protect the mRNA from degradation and facilitate its uptake by cells, ensuring effective gene expression or protein production while minimizing off-target effects and adverse immune responses.
